Wide Spread Exploitations of Bioenergy: Are the Ways towards Sustainable Energy?

Abstract-The recoverable proven reserves of fossil fuel sources are projected to be exhausted by the end of this century. In response to the exhaustion of fossil resources, there is a serious need to find alternative fuel sources. Bioenergy is one of the potential candidates to counteract the fossil-fuel depletion challenge. Despite bioenergy sources appear to be renewable and net-zero GHG emitting, bioenergy undergoes competition with food, feed and other crucial applications. Since earth's eco system has a limited capacity of land and water resources, overuse of these resources in bioenergy production could cause adverse social and environmental impacts. This paper summarizes the key sustainability issues involve in bioenergy chain, and examine the potential role of bioenergy in dealing with these sustainability issues. We found that bioenergy can be a sustainable source of energy provided that it has maintained irrationality is using of natural resources and several limits. In contrary, bioenergy would provoke further social and environmental problems if the sustainability issues are not given proper consideration

Advancing Alternative Analysis: Integration of Decision Science.

Decision analysis-a systematic approach to solving complex problems-offers tools and frameworks to support decision making that are increasingly being applied to environmental challenges. Alternatives analysis is a method used in regulation and product design to identify, compare, and evaluate the safety and viability of potential substitutes for hazardous chemicals.Assess whether decision science may assist the alternatives analysis decision maker in comparing alternatives across a range of metrics.A workshop was convened that included representatives from government, academia, business, and civil society and included experts in toxicology, decision science, alternatives assessment, engineering, and law and policy. Participants were divided into two groups and prompted with targeted questions. Throughout the workshop, the groups periodically came together in plenary sessions to reflect on other groups' findings.We conclude the further incorporation of decision science into alternatives analysis would advance the ability of companies and regulators to select alternatives to harmful ingredients, and would also advance the science of decision analysis.We advance four recommendations: (1) engaging the systematic development and evaluation of decision approaches and tools; (2) using case studies to advance the integration of decision analysis into alternatives analysis; (3) supporting transdisciplinary research; and (4) supporting education and outreach efforts

A mixed-data evaluation in group TOPSIS with differentiated decision power

[[abstract]]This main objective of this paper is to provide decision support for mixed data in group Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Idea Solution (TOPSIS) with differentiated decision power. We use a signum function to compare the ordinal performance of alternatives on any qualitative criterion, or the partial information provided by decision makers. The proposed process for ordinal information is uniformly coherent with the traditional TOPSIS steps, preserving the characteristic of distance-based utilities. Ordinal weights are also considered herein, and the decision power of the group members is formulated by their weights under an agreement in the group. Two examples demonstrate that the proposed approach has some benefits and achieves robustness with two types of sensitivity analyses. Some discussions and their limitations to the approach are also provided.[[notice]]補正完